Class 6 SST — Chapter 12 — Grassroots Democracy Part 3: Local Government in Urban Areas 🏙️

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🌆 What is Urban Local Government?

Urban Local Government means governing cities and towns at the local level.
It helps manage daily life in cities like water, roads, garbage, and street lights.

👉 These governments are closest to the people, so they understand local problems better.

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🏢 Types of Urban Local Government

There are 3 types based on the size of the area:

1. Municipal Corporation (Mahanagar Palika)

• For big cities (like Delhi, Mumbai)

• Handles large population

• Has more responsibilities

2. Municipal Council (Nagar Palika)

• For medium towns

• Fewer responsibilities than corporations

3. Nagar Panchayat

• For small towns / developing areas

• Between village and city

👉 Easy Trick to Remember:
Big → Corporation | Medium → Council | Small → Panchayat

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🧑‍💼 Who Runs the Urban Government?

Key People:

• Councillors

  • Elected by people of each area (ward)

  • Represent citizens

• Mayor

  • Head of Municipal Corporation

  • Leader of the city

• Chairperson

  • Head of Municipal Council

👉 City is divided into wards, and each ward elects one councillor.

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🗳️ Elections in Urban Areas

• People vote to elect councillors

• Elections happen every 5 years

• Seats are reserved for:

  • Women 👩

  • SC/ST groups

👉 This ensures equal participation

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⚙️ Functions of Urban Local Government

Important Functions:

1. 🧹 Cleanliness

   • Garbage collection

   • Clean streets

2. 💡 Street Lights

   • Lighting roads

3. 🚰 Water Supply

   • Clean drinking water

4. 🛣️ Roads & Infrastructure

   • Build and repair roads

5. 🏥 Health Services

   • Hospitals and clinics

6. 🏫 Education

   • Maintain schools

👉 Easy Trick:
“Clean, Light, Water, Road, Health, School”

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💰 Sources of Income

Urban governments need money to work.

They earn from:

• 🏠 House tax

• 🛍️ Shop tax

• 🚗 Parking fees

• 🏢 Rent from properties

👉 Without money → No development

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⚠️ Challenges Faced

• Increasing population 📈

• Garbage problems 🗑️

• Traffic 🚦

• Pollution 🌫️

👉 Cities need better planning and management

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🧠 Very Easy Revision Points

✔ Urban Local Government = City management
✔ 3 Types → Corporation, Council, Panchayat
✔ Head → Mayor / Chairperson
✔ Works → Cleanliness, water, roads, lights
✔ Money → Taxes
✔ Elections every 5 years

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🎯 Super Memory Trick

👉 “City CARES”

• C → Cleanliness

• A → Administration (Mayor/Councillor)

• R → Roads

• E → Elections

• S → Services (water, light, health)